rocks has everything correct Garner... and nothing has changed in MAME in regards to chd usage so it has to be something
that was changed in your setup when you updated.
If MAME is still in the same directory & so are the other files, maybe something got changed around in your mame.ini file.
Go through & double check all your directory settings (& other settings while you're in there).
Do you use a rom manager(ClrMAME Pro)? You should, that way you can be sure your files are up to date with the release you're using.
Sorry, but it has to be something on your end since everyone else's still works. And that makes it nearly impossible to diagnose from afar.
Hope something from 1 of us helps!
Good Luck!